
Bethany Terraces is a four-story, 57-unit affordable senior living building in East Flatbush, Brooklyn, covering 39,200 square feet. It is New York City's first modular Passive House senior housing project, developed by RiseBoro Community Partnership and designed by Paul Castrucci Architects. Downtown Engineers led the MEP engineering, with Ray Ramos as lead Principal.
The project had to satisfy two demanding standards at once. Passive House certification requires strict airtightness and energy recovery. Modular construction requires every connection to land within tight tolerances, with no room for adjustment in the field. Once the modules left the factory, changes were not possible, so riser connections and plumbing tie-ins had to be set precisely before fabrication. Indoor air quality carried extra weight here, since the residents are seniors. The ventilation had to supply continuous fresh air while holding heat inside the building, and the HVAC had to run on the ultra-low energy loads Passive House allows. Plumbing fixtures had to meet Enterprise Green Communities water efficiency criteria. A COVID-related pause stopped the project from 2020 to 2022. When fabrication resumed in 2023, the engineering package had to still be current and buildable, ready for the modules to arrive on site that October.

NYC's first modular Passive House senior housing
We coordinated Passive House performance with modular tolerances throughout design, so neither standard compromised the other. The ERV brings in fresh air at all times and keeps heat inside the building, which is what lets the Passive House hold its certified standard. We sized the HVAC to the ultra-low energy loads the standard requires, and specified every plumbing fixture to meet Enterprise Green Communities water efficiency criteria.
Because the building was roughly 75% prefabricated off-site by Whitley East LLC, the critical coordination happened before fabrication. We aligned riser connections and plumbing tie-ins precisely ahead of installation, since nothing could be adjusted once the modules shipped. Through the COVID pause, we kept the documentation and design coordination up to date, which is what let the team start building as soon as the modules arrived in late October 2023.
Downtown Engineers delivered New York City's first modular Passive House senior housing project, which received its Temporary Certificate of Occupancy in July 2024.
57
Affordable senior housing units across 39,200 SF, four stories
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